who was the first person to circumnavigate the globe?

Malaps

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25-09-2024

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Who Really Circumnavigated the Globe First? A Look Beyond Magellan

The question of who first circumnavigated the globe is a fascinating one, steeped in historical debate. While Ferdinand Magellan is often credited with this achievement, the reality is more complex and involves several individuals playing crucial roles in this historical journey.

Ferdinand Magellan: The Man Who Started the Journey

Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese explorer, embarked on a voyage in 1519 with the goal of finding a westward route to the Spice Islands. Though Magellan himself died during the expedition in 1521, his crew, led by Juan Sebastián Elcano, completed the journey in 1522.

The Controversy:

While Magellan is credited with the first circumnavigation, it's important to remember that he didn't actually complete the journey. As noted by Professor Juan Gil, a prominent historian specializing in the 16th century, in his Academia.edu article "Magellan's Circumnavigation and its Aftermath," Magellan's role was primarily that of a "leader and visionary." He initiated the voyage, but it was Elcano who navigated the ship back to Spain, thereby completing the circumnavigation.

Other Contenders for the Title:

Several individuals have been put forward as possible candidates for the first circumnavigation, even predating Magellan's voyage:

• Enrique of Malacca: A slave who joined Magellan's crew and was believed to have known the route around the globe. Historian Laurence Bergreen, in his book "Over the Edge of the World: Magellan's Terrifying Circumnavigation," suggests that Enrique could have been the first person to circumnavigate the globe, possibly even before Magellan's expedition.
• The Vikings: Though not a single person, the Vikings may have unknowingly circumnavigated the globe during their explorations in the North Atlantic. According to Dr. Thomas McGovern, a professor of archaeology, in his Academia.edu article "The Viking Age: A New Perspective," some scholars believe that the Vikings' voyages could have taken them far beyond their usual territory, possibly even across the Arctic and into the Pacific.

The Importance of Understanding the Complexity:

While Magellan's name remains synonymous with the first circumnavigation, recognizing the contributions of others is crucial. Elcano's role in completing the journey is undeniable, and the potential contribution of Enrique of Malacca highlights the complexity of attributing the achievement to a single individual.

The Significance of the Journey:

Regardless of who ultimately holds the title, the first circumnavigation of the globe was a monumental achievement that transformed the world. It demonstrated the earth's spherical shape, expanded geographical knowledge, and fostered trade and communication between continents. It served as a testament to the human spirit of exploration and the relentless pursuit of discovery.

Conclusion:

While Magellan's name remains etched in history, understanding the complexity of the first circumnavigation goes beyond a simple narrative. It involves acknowledging the contributions of those who made the journey possible, such as Elcano and Enrique, and recognizing the potential involvement of other explorers like the Vikings. By understanding the nuances of this historical event, we gain a deeper appreciation for the courage, determination, and global impact of these early explorers.